reference

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• cmrrcr40m018pq89d2k9bvjju← DEPENDS_ON

  Iconicity is the concept that signs resemble their referents. This only makes sense as a concept when reference already exists — resemblance between form and meaning presupposes a reference relation. Remove reference and iconicity is meaningless.

• cmrpbjft906rhd1nlemvpdz7u← INSTANCE_OF

  Denotation is a specific type of reference where a sign directly points to its referent without mediation or interpretation. Direction specific→general satisfies Law 9: denotation IS-A kind of reference.

• cmrsmwdah01gkollhowxakx9s← DEPENDS_ON

  An encyclopedia operates as a reference work — the reference function is constitutive. Remove the reference concept and an encyclopedia loses its purpose. Law 8.

• cmro49cz703v9d1nlkks4y8sq← INSTANCE_OF

  Citation IS a specific kind of reference — specifically, a reference to a source document, work, or data point. Competent speaker test: a citation is a kind of reference (particularized by its source-attribution function). Direction: specific to general per Law 9.

• cmrvm6sbr01k42ceiy3ry91tw← INSTANCE_OF

  Cross-reference is a specific kind of reference practice. The filer pins sense: cross-reference is a method of directing readers to related text locations, which is a specific instance of the general practice of reference. Law 9: is X a specific kind of Y? Yes — cross-reference is a kind of reference.

• cmrwn7d9x00oqsoacja0lnl2k← INSTANCE_OF

  A cheat-sheet is a specific type of reference document designed for quick consultation. A competent speaker would call a cheat sheet 'a reference' — it provides condensed information for quick lookup. Specific→general INSTANCE_OF direction.

• cmrwwb2v501k7soacy29a4dws← INSTANCE_OF

  Ground-truth IS a specific kind of reference — namely, a reference point that serves as the ultimate validation standard against which measurements, claims, or models are checked. A competent speaker would call ground-truth a type of reference. Nearest kind: reference.

• cmrpunl84084hd1nl60whiknr← DEPENDS_ON

  Remove reference right now — indexical stops OPERATING. An indexical IS a word or expression whose referential content shifts with context (here, now, I, this). Without the mechanism of reference, indexicals have nothing to anchor their shifting. Direction tested as DEPENDS_ON (present-tense removal test).

• cmrqbr8zl090yd1nlwz3x6ztk← INSTANCE_OF

  A field-guide IS a specific kind of reference work — a curated collection of information for identifying and understanding subjects in a domain. Law 9: specific→general. A competent speaker describes a field guide as 'a kind of reference.'

• cmrrybnni006u7kw4f32d0e8f← INSTANCE_OF

  Deixis IS a specific kind of reference: linguistic reference whose meaning depends on context (here/now/this/you). A competent linguist would call deixis 'a type of reference.' Files against nearest kind. Direction tested: deixis (specific) → reference (general). Sense pinned as context-dependent linguistic reference.

• cms637lty02tji9iqokj4jckd← SERVES

  Dictionaries are designed and maintained for the sake of reference — providing authoritative definitions, pronunciations, and usage of words for lookup. Per Law 8d: servant(dictionary)→master(reference).

• cmrmiyivh00e3d1nl51fcfar1← SERVES

  A glossary IS an alphabetical list of terms with definitions designed for the purpose of providing quick reference lookup within a domain. Law 8d: its designed purpose is reference — users consult a glossary specifically to look up term meanings quickly. The servant (glossary) points at the master (reference). Without a glossary, domain-specific terminology lacks immediate explanation.

• cmrz4jmiz02zfekkxsr80ok7m← INSTANCE_OF

  Cataphora is a specific type of reference in linguistics — specifically, a forward reference where a pronoun precedes its antecedent. A competent speaker would call cataphora 'a kind of reference.' Files against the nearest kind (Law 11e).

• cmsoaqghz012vjlss83zo1tdh← SERVES

  A gazetteer is built and maintained for the sake of geographical reference — its designed purpose is to provide authoritative place-data for lookup. Per Law 8d: servant(gazetteer)→master(reference). The gazetteer serves the reference function.

• cmsot1puv02uvjlss3d267j5r← DEPENDS_ON

  Tuning is the practice of adjusting an instrument or voice to match a reference pitch. Remove the concept of reference and tuning has nothing to adjust to — no standard, no target, no operation. The dependency passes the removal test: without a reference concept, tuning cannot function. Direction tested: tuning exists because references exist (references came first conceptually).